canonical
5 definitions found
canonical - Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48 :
canonic \ca*non"ic\ (k[.a]*n[o^]n"[i^]k), canonical
\ca*non"ic*al\ (k[.a]*n[o^]n"[i^]*kal), a. [L. canonicus, LL.
canonicalis, fr. L. canon: cf. F. canonique. See canon.]
Of or pertaining to a canon; established by, or according to,
a canon or canons. "The oath of canonical obedience."
--Hallam.
[1913 Webster]
2. Appearing in a Biblical canon; as, a canonical book of the
Christian New Testament.
[PJC]
3. Accepted as authoritative; recognized.
[PJC]
4. (Math.) In its standard form, usually also the simplest
form; -- of an equation or coordinate.
[PJC]
5. (Linguistics) Reduced to the simplest and most significant
form possible without loss of generality; as, a canonical
syllable pattern. Opposite of nonstandard.
Syn: standard. [WordNet 1.5]
6. Pertaining to or resembling a musical canon.
[PJC]
Canonical books, or Canonical Scriptures, those books
which are declared by the canons of the church to be of
divine inspiration; -- called collectively the canon.
The Roman Catholic Church holds as canonical several books
which Protestants reject as apocryphal.
Canonical epistles, an appellation given to the epistles
called also general or catholic. See Catholic epistles,
under Canholic.
Canonical form (Math.), the simples or most symmetrical
form to which all functions of the same class can be
reduced without lose of generality.
Canonical hours, certain stated times of the day, fixed by
ecclesiastical laws, and appropriated to the offices of
prayer and devotion; also, certain portions of the
Breviary, to be used at stated hours of the day. In
England, this name is also given to the hours from 8 a. m.
to 3 p. m. (formerly 8 a. m. to 12 m.) before and after
which marriage can not be legally performed in any parish
church.
Canonical letters, letters of several kinds, formerly given
by a bishop to traveling clergymen or laymen, to show that
they were entitled to receive the communion, and to
distinguish them from heretics.
Canonical life, the method or rule of living prescribed by
the ancient clergy who lived in community; a course of
living prescribed for the clergy, less rigid than the
monastic, and more restrained that the secular.
Canonical obedience, submission to the canons of a church,
especially the submission of the inferior clergy to their
bishops, and of other religious orders to their superiors.
Canonical punishments, such as the church may inflict, as
excommunication, degradation, penance, etc.
Canonical sins (Anc. Church.), those for which capital
punishment or public penance decreed by the canon was
inflicted, as idolatry, murder, adultery, heresy.
[1913 Webster]
canonical - WordNet (r) 2.1 (2005) :
canonical
adj 1: appearing in a biblical canon; "a canonical book of the
Christian New Testament" [syn: canonic, canonical]
2: of or relating to or required by canon law [syn: canonic,
canonical]
3: reduced to the simplest and most significant form possible
without loss of generality; "a basic story line"; "a
canonical syllable pattern" [syn: basic, canonic,
canonical]
4: conforming to orthodox or recognized rules; "the drinking of
cocktails was as canonical a rite as the mixing"- Sinclair
Lewis [syn: canonic, canonical, sanctioned]
canonical - Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (26 May 2007) :
canonical
(Historically, "according to religious law")
1. <mathematics> A standard way of writing a formula. Two
formulas such as 9 + x and x + 9 are said to be equivalent
because they mean the same thing, but the second one is in
"canonical form" because it is written in the usual way, with
the highest power of x first. Usually there are fixed rules
you can use to decide whether something is in canonical form.
Things in canonical form are easier to compare.
2. <jargon> The usual or standard state or manner of
something. The term acquired this meaning in computer-science
culture largely through its prominence in Alonzo Church's
work in computation theory and mathematical logic (see
Knights of the Lambda-Calculus).
Compare vanilla.
This word has an interesting history. Non-technical academics
do not use the adjective "canonical" in any of the senses
defined above with any regularity; they do however use the
nouns "canon" and "canonicity" (not "canonicalness"* or
"canonicality"*). The "canon" of a given author is the
complete body of authentic works by that author (this usage is
familiar to Sherlock Holmes fans as well as to literary
scholars). "The canon" is the body of works in a given field
(e.g. works of literature, or of art, or of music) deemed
worthwhile for students to study and for scholars to
investigate.
The word "canon" derives ultimately from the Greek "kanon"
(akin to the English "cane") referring to a reed. Reeds were
used for measurement, and in Latin and later Greek the word
"canon" meant a rule or a standard. The establishment of a
canon of scriptures within Christianity was meant to define a
standard or a rule for the religion. The above non-technical
academic usages stem from this instance of a defined and
accepted body of work. Alongside this usage was the
promulgation of "canons" ("rules") for the government of the
Catholic Church. The usages relating to religious law derive
from this use of the Latin "canon". It may also be related to
arabic "qanun" (law).
Hackers invest this term with a playfulness that makes an
ironic contrast with its historical meaning. A true story:
One Bob Sjoberg, new at the MIT AI Lab, expressed some
annoyance at the incessant use of jargon. Over his loud
objections, GLS and RMS made a point of using as much of
it as possible in his presence, and eventually it began to
sink in. Finally, in one conversation, he used the word
"canonical" in jargon-like fashion without thinking. Steele:
"Aha! We've finally got you talking jargon too!" Stallman:
"What did he say?" Steele: "Bob just used "canonical" in the
canonical way."
Of course, canonicality depends on context, but it is
implicitly defined as the way *hackers* normally expect things
to be. Thus, a hacker may claim with a straight face that
"according to religious law" is *not* the canonical meaning of
"canonical".
(2002-02-06)
canonical - Jargon File (4.4.4, 14 Aug 2003) :
canonical
adj.
[very common; historically, `according to religious law'] The usual
or
standard state or manner of something. This word has a somewhat more
technical meaning in mathematics. Two formulas such as 9 + x and x +
9
are said to be equivalent because they mean the same thing, but the
second one is in canonical form because it is written in the usual
way, with the highest power of x first. Usually there are fixed rules
you can use to decide whether something is in canonical form. The
jargon meaning, a relaxation of the technical meaning, acquired its
present loading in computer-science culture largely through its
prominence in Alonzo Church's work in computation theory and
mathematical logic (see Knights of the Lambda Calculus). Compare
vanilla.
Non-technical academics do not use the adjective `canonical' in any
of
the senses defined above with any regularity; they do however use the
nouns canon and canonicity (not **canonicalness or **canonicality).
The canon of a given author is the complete body of authentic works
by
that author (this usage is familiar to Sherlock Holmes fans as well
as
to literary scholars). `The canon' is the body of works in a given
field (e.g., works of literature, or of art, or of music) deemed
worthwhile for students to study and for scholars to investigate.
The word `canon' has an interesting history. It derives ultimately
from the Greek kanon (akin to the English `cane') referring to a
reed.
Reeds were used for measurement, and in Latin and later Greek the
word
`canon' meant a rule or a standard. The establishment of a canon of
scriptures within Christianity was meant to define a standard or a
rule for the religion. The above non-techspeak academic usages stem
from this instance of a defined and accepted body of work. Alongside
this usage was the promulgation of `canons' (`rules') for the
government of the Catholic Church. The techspeak usages ("according
to
religious law") derive from this use of the Latin `canon'.
Hackers invest this term with a playfulness that makes an ironic
contrast with its historical meaning. A true story: One Bob Sjoberg,
new at the MIT AI Lab, expressed some annoyance at the incessant use
of jargon. Over his loud objections, GLS and RMS made a point of
using
as much of it as possible in his presence, and eventually it began to
sink in. Finally, in one conversation, he used the word canonical in
jargon-like fashion without thinking. Steele: "Aha! We've finally got
you talking jargon too!" Stallman: "What did he say?" Steele: "Bob
just used `canonical' in the canonical way."
Of course, canonicality depends on context, but it is implicitly
defined as the way hackers normally expect things to be. Thus, a
hacker may claim with a straight face that `according to religious
law' is not the canonical meaning of canonical.
canonical - Moby Thesaurus II by Grady Ward, 1.0 :
89 Moby Thesaurus words for "canonical":
Biblical, Christian, Gospel, Mariological, Mosaic, New-Testament,
Old-Testament, abbatial, abbatical, accepted, apocalyptic,
apostolic, approved, archiepiscopal, authentic, authoritative,
binding, canonic, capitular, capitulary, churchly, clerical,
confessional, conventional, correct, creedal, customary, dictated,
didactic, divine, doctrinal, doctrinary, dogmatic, ecclesiastic,
episcopal, episcopalian, evangelic, evangelical, evangelistic,
faithful, firm, formulary, gospel, hard and fast, inspired,
instructive, literal, mandatory, ministerial, of the faith,
official, orthodox, orthodoxical, pastoral, physicotheological,
preceptive, prelatial, prelatic, prescribed, prescript,
prescriptive, priest-ridden, priestish, priestly, proper,
prophetic, rabbinic, received, regulation, religious, revealed,
revelational, right, rubric, sacerdotal, sanctioned, scriptural,
sound, standard, statutory, textual, textuary, theological,
theopneustic, traditional, traditionalistic, true, true-blue,
ultramontane
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