sonstadt solution

1 definition found

sonstadt solution - Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48 :

  Solution \So*lu"tion\ (s[-o]*l[=u]"sh[u^]n), n. [OE. solucion,
     OF. solucion, F. solution, fr. L. solutio, fr. solvere,
     solutum, to loosen, dissolve. See Solve.]
     1. The act of separating the parts of any body, or the
        condition of undergoing a separation of parts; disruption;
        breach.
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              In all bodies there is an appetite of union and
              evitation of solution of continuity.  --Bacon.
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     2. The act of solving, or the state of being solved; the
        disentanglement of any intricate problem or difficult
        question; explanation; clearing up; -- used especially in
        mathematics, either of the process of solving an equation
        or problem, or the result of the process.
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     3. The state of being dissolved or disintegrated; resolution;
        disintegration.
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              It is unquestionably an enterprise of more promise
              to assail the nations in their hour of faintness and
              solution, than at a time when magnificent and
              seductive systems of worship were at their height of
              energy and splendor.                  --I. Taylor.
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     4. (Chem.Phys.) The act or process by which a body (whether
        solid, liquid, or gaseous) is absorbed into a liquid, and,
        remaining or becoming fluid, is diffused throughout the
        solvent; also, the product resulting from such absorption.
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     Note: When a solvent will not take in any more of a substance
           the solution is said to be saturated. Solution is of
           two kinds; viz.: (a) Mechanical solution, in which no
           marked chemical change takes place, and in which, in
           the case of solids, the dissolved body can be regained
           by evaporation, as in the solution of salt or sugar in
           water. (b) Chemical solution, in which there is
           involved a decided chemical change, as when limestone
           or zinc undergoes solution in hydrochloric acid.
           Mechanical solution is regarded as a form of
           molecular or atomic attraction, and is probably
           occasioned by the formation of certain very weak and
           unstable compounds which are easily dissociated and
           pass into new and similar compounds.
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     Note: This word is not used in chemistry or mineralogy for
           fusion, or the melting of bodies by the heat of fire.
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     5. Release; deliverance; discharge. [Obs.] --Barrow.
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     6. (Med.)
        (a) The termination of a disease; resolution.
        (b) A crisis.
        (c) A liquid medicine or preparation (usually aqueous) in
            which the solid ingredients are wholly soluble. --U.
            S. Disp.
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     Fehling's solution (Chem.), a standardized solution of
        cupric hydrate in sodium potassium tartrate, used as a
        means of determining the reducing power of certain sugars
        and sirups by the amount of red cuprous oxide thrown down.
        
  
     Heavy solution (Min.), a liquid of high density, as a
        solution of mercuric iodide in potassium iodide (called
        the Sonstadt solution or Thoulet solution) having a
        maximum specific gravity of 3.2, or of borotungstate of
        cadium (Klein solution, specific gravity 3.6), and the
        like. Such solutions are much used in determining the
        specific gravities of minerals, and in separating them
        when mechanically mixed as in a pulverized rock.
  
     Nessler's solution. See Nesslerize.
  
     Solution of continuity, the separation of connection, or of
        connected substances or parts; -- applied, in surgery, to
        a fracture, laceration, or the like. "As in the natural
        body a wound, or solution of continuity, is worse than a
        corrupt humor, so in the spiritual." --Bacon.
  
     Standardized solution (Chem.), a solution which is used as
        a reagent, and is of a known and standard strength;
        specifically, a normal solution, containing in each cubic
        centimeter as many milligrams of the element in question
        as the number representing its atomic weight; thus, a
        normal solution of silver nitrate would contain 107.7 mgr.
        of silver in each cubic centimeter.
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